The Workplace Improver Blog Improving Workplace Safety, Performance and Training through Video

Category Archives: training videos

Seven Concepts to Include in your Training Videos

Training videos are a great way to get your important training messages instantly understood by your new starters, current staff and contractors.

However, most training videos miss the mark when it comes to aligning new staff with their core values and vision, as well as engaging new starters.

New employees are at their most teachable when they first start a job.  This is an opportune time to explain the culture of the company, the type of work and outcomes that are expected and the company attitude towards safety.

Jim Collins, the author of Good to Great, claims that what stood great companies apart from good companies was how deeply and consistently staff at the company lived, breathed and expressed the core values.  At their best, core values give workers a framework for making the right decision that benefits the company.  Safety excellent companies lead by their values than by rules.  Rather than forced compliance, they lead by shared ownership of values whereby staff are empowered to make decisions.

In addition, senior leadership play an important role in establishing the culture of the company, including the safety culture.  Safety excellent companies let new staff know from day one the importance of safety as they know that poor inductions undervalue the importance of safety.

Based on the information that makes good companies great, here are some key concepts that you need to include in your workplace training videos:

  1. Demonstrate your core values – Talk about each of your core values and discuss what they mean and how they work.  Why are they important?  Give examples of how staff use the core values to make decisions that are right for the company.
  2. Get senior leaders to introduce the video – Senior leaders are crucial in aligning staff with the goals, vision and core values.  Film your senior leader welcoming new starters, explaining the need for the video, what they will learn, what the company is about, what’s important etc.  Senior leaders are often travelling and out of the office, but having them chat in a friendly way to camera, makes them seem more approachable (and real).
  3. Tell stories – Stories provide an emotional connection to information and provide a framework for staff to understand what is acceptable company behaviour and what is not.  They are ideal to use when giving examples of staff doing the right thing, working hard to reach a goal and working together as a team.  Work out which stories to use in your company in the article How to find the right stories for your Company.
  4. Use animations – Animations can go where trainees can’t go.  They are perfect for showing how the body works and how it can get affected poor lifting techniques and stress.
  5. Credible spokespeople – Customers, clients and patients are surprisingly more effective in motivating people to work harder, smarter and more productively.  Getting your end users to talk about how your products and services have helped them is a proven way to motivate staff.
  6. Use quizzes – Quiz your learners after (or during) the video training. This makes sure they have absorbed the information.  Use a quiz as a review tool. This is a great way to refresh staff.  Even if they only watch a small segment of an induction training video (for example: warm up exercises, by undertaking a small quiz on this topic, you know that they have learnt the information).  Interestingly, research studies point to high levels of recall and understanding of video, provided that viewers were told they were going to be tested before watching the video.
  7. Include face to face time – Often, companies think because they have a training video they do not need a trainer to go through the information.  This is a mistake.  It’s still important to include face to face time so that the trainee can ask questions and get feedback on any tasks they are practising.  Mind you, the face to face time will be sufficiently reduced, but it needs to be enough so that the trainee can engage more with the material.  One good training methodology is to use the video as the main form of training (as opposed to a PowerPoint presentation) while a trainer moves progressively through the information, stopping to talk about the different topics.  Done well, this can ensure consistent training across the company.

Spending the time developing the right content strategy for your training video will ensure it has longevity and that it is a highly effective training tool for your company.

 

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Training Videos: Why Every Company Needs Them

Think training videos are all about bad hair and music?

Find out the science behind why training videos are so effective and why every company needs to use them in workplace training.

 

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Seven Reasons why Training Videos are so Effective

Training videos are a highly effective way to get trainees to remember and understand information.

This is because they:

1. Are visually based - The majority of our brain real estate is devoted to processing visual information.  Our brain loves visuals and learns much faster from pictures than words.  We’re really good at remembering pictures and they draw our attention.  Called the Picture Superiority Effect, we remember 65% of what we have learnt three days after, provided it is both a picture and a word shown together compared to 10% for just a word alone.

2. Use Audio and visuals together- Presenting information both audibly and visually reinforces information in multiple brain areas, this dual-encoding process  increases the chance that material will be stored in long-term memory.

3. Are more engaging – If you’ve ever sat in a classroom with a teacher droning on and on, you know what I mean.  Remember, when you were at school and  how excited you were when the teacher said you were going to watch a “film”?  This still holds true with adults and children alike.  Provided that the training video is made correctly, and more importantly that trainees are told they will be tested afterwards, you will get high levels of understanding and recall (If students are told they are watching a training video and that’s it, they will learn less, better to tell them they need to do a short quiz, even if there isn’t one).

4. Go where trainees can’t go – This is where 3D animations surpass even the most brilliant teacher in helping trainees understand how the body works.  It is so much easier to understand how poor lifting techniques affect the spine when you see an animated version.

 

5. Show demonstrations – Similar to an animation, well made training videos show how a particular process occurs.  Rather than the trainee having to read or hear about it, they get to see what happens.  This is really important for procedures that are difficult to show in a classroom environment (eg: doing a forklift safety check, operating the big machine that doesn’t fit in the classroom etc).  This is effectively making an abstract concept (words about a process) more concrete (visuals) which helps people to better understand information.  We learn by watching people doing things

6. Are quick – Properly produced a training video will explain information in about half the time as words alone.  Using visuals helps people instantly understand information and results in less confusion.

7. Provides consistent training – Keeping strict version control on your PowerPoint training presentations and ensuring that your trainers are all teaching the same thing is a legislative requirement.  If a death were to occur at your company site, the coronial inquest would request that the training materials used on the day the person was inducted and trained be submitted for review.  If there is evidence that the PowerPoint version was open and anyone could change it or that the trainer did their own version of training, then that company would be found to be non-compliant training wise.  Ensuring consistent company training is not only better for employees, it’s also good for business health.

All in all, produced correctly, training videos are a fantastic way to train staff.

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5 Mistakes Companies Make with their Homemade Videos

Training videos are a highly effective and quick way to instantly communicate your important training messages to your staff, customers and contractors.

But like everything in life – you get what you pay for.  Poorly produced training videos can be a waste of time and resources.  And if you’re using them for customers, be really careful you’re not damaging your brand and more importantly, your credibility.

Here are five common mistakes.  There are lots, lots more, but here are the main ones.

1. Not using a tripod – This would have to be one of the simplest things to do, but remarkably one of the sure signs of an amateur video is hand-held wobbly vision.  You’d swear that the camera operator was an old, recovering alcoholic.  The main problem with this is that as a viewer you get really distracted by the wobbles (and you do ask yourself, is that dude okay?, are they about to fall over?) rather than listening to the person talking to camera or the important procedure.  This also extends to lots of moving vision when a person is talking.  Your eyes follow the path of the camera and our brain believes that the new camera move is leading to important information.

One frustrating example is in this video about Hepatitis in which a Hepatitis C sufferer talks about his ordeal.  Rather, than give this person the respect he deserves, the camera moves about so much that you just know that the camera operator is bored with the information.  The camera focuses on his ear (and you think, did this disease give him ear problems?), then the top of his head.  Even more confusingly while  he’s talking, vision is shown with him giving a hopeful smile.  This video fails because the camera work is so erratic that you’re too busy following what’s going on to have any brain width left to listen to the poor interviewee.

 

 

2. Not using cut aways properlyOne of the reasons why video is so amazing at quickly getting information across is because it uses both audio and visual information (which is like a dual-encoding process in the brain).  To make this work, you need to complement the audio information with relevant visuals.  If you don’t do this, people will give up on listening because it’s too hard to work out on what’s going on or even if they do stick with it, they will remember very little.

An example that frustrated me enormously was a testimonial style video made for Google Apps called “Flight Centre has gone Google”.  You’d think Google would have the best marketing and training videos around, because after all they own YouTube.  But sadly, this video was so bad I didn’t dare show it to my business partner as to why we needed the services.  He would have spat the dummy at this clumsy attempt at communication.

 

 

This video fails on quite a number of levels:

  • They’ve tried to make it exciting.  Jarring music is used that is too loud and makes it hard to hear what they’re saying.
  • Quick, wobbly cuts make it difficult to focus on what people are talking about.  Important points are quickly cut to the next point making it hard for the brain to absorb what has been said and the importance of it.
  • Really poor choices of cut aways are used.  My favourite is the staff member having a peak at whether he’s being filmed.  He’s being matched to the content of a “global solution” (he should have been matched to “Staff always like to know what you’re doing”).  Also, the one where the Account Manager is talking about servers and the camera vision focuses on a hard hat in the office.  Priceless!  (By the way, we’re using this video internally to show our new recruits how to not create a video).

Zappos is another well know company that seems to have missed the point of cut aways.  This amazing company (see my book review Delivering Happiness), has some of the worst examples of training and marketing videos around.  Sadly, they think they’re really great because they have an in-house team who went to film school.  If only film school taught them how to communicate to a business audience.

Zappos are renowned for their core values.  In this video, staff members name the core values, but very few of them are explained.  It also features lots of nauseatingly wobbly vision, distracting music and audio.  However, they do use cut aways well towards the end.  It just needed to be consistent.  This is one of those videos you don’t really want your customers to see.  Even if you think it shows you as being quirky.  Zappos just appear disorganised, unable to focus and having a really lazy and careless attitude to their core values (which isn’t true, but that’s the message the video makes).

 

 

3. Distracting Backgrounds and Audio – A well made video gets people understanding and listening to what you’re talking about.  As mentioned before, what makes video so powerful is the use of both audio and visual together.  Get one wrong and you might as well not bother.  People’s eyes will go to what’s moving.  So if someone walks past the back of the set where someone is being interviewed.  Guess what everyone looks at?  And if that person manages to look at the camera in an interesting way?  Ditto.

It’s also the same with audio.  Make sure the person talking to camera is the only one talking.  Don’t have other people having a conversation in the back of the room (hello, Zappos!)

And always remove inappropriate items in the background.  Discard the empty bottle sitting on the mantlepiece (yep, Zappos again), the naked pictures on someone’s desk and anything that will distract from your message.  Remember the uproar when the Macquarie bank staff member looked at Miranda Kerr pictures during the live piece to camera?

 

4. Saying too much – This is a big issue and it’s also one in professionally made videos.  Work out your key messages beforehand and stick to them.  Avoid the CEO meandering and repeating information.  Make it short and insightful.  One of the worst company training videos that I was made to watch by a client was 30 minutes.  We would have been able to do it in 10 minutes.  And because they hadn’t filmed enough vision, they repeated vision from other sections to fill it up.  And the camera operator narrated it while he walked around.  Appalling!  I still have nightmares about that one.

5. Wasting time filming and editing – Creating a video takes time.  A lot of time.

First, there’s writing the script, filming, directing, organising the voiceover (please use a professional, not Sam in accounts because he acted in a school play when he was 15.  And don’t even consider narrating while you’re filming), editing and exporting to the final format.  Each of theses stage is time consuming and difficult to get right for the novice (even if they did make a photo slideshow of their kid’s dance concert in 2008).

What do you want staff doing?  Working on projects that will boost your bottom line or stuffing around trying to work out how to press record on a video camera?

So if you are making a training video for your company, write a script that is succinct, film using a tripod (or better yet, get a professional camera operator), ensure no distracting objects or people are in your shots, get a professional voice record and match your visual and audio content.

And if you’re using a professional, just make sure they don’t convince you to use hand-held wobbly vision.  It’s just a sign that the production house finds your content boring and they want to spice it up.

 

 

 

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Digicast Featured on “Technology Behind Business”

Research shows that companies that have a learning culture are more profitable and productive than those that don’t have one.

But faced with tight budgets, competitive pressures and diminishing time, many organisations under-invest in both learning and training.

John Kerrison, the host behind the Sky News Australia program “Technology Behind Business” posed this topic to a three person panel.  John wanted to find out, how important these areas are, common mistakes companies make and innovative ways training & learning solutions can be delivered.

The panel consisted of Karen van Druten from Strategic Human Resource Consulting, Marie-Claire Ross from Digicast Productions (and the writer of this blog), as well as Paul Hardwick from Seertech Solutions.

You can watch the 12 minute panel interview by clicking here.

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Runaway Dog becomes Willing Star in CFA Training Video

Look at me! I'm going to be a star.

Meet Max.  Actually, we don’t know this dog’s name.  But he has potentially become the new dog star in an up and coming training video for the Country Fire Authority (CFA).

We are currently working on a training video on Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) awareness among volunteers and paid workers (all 65,000 of them!) for the CFA.  It’s a great program that supports members that are emotionally affected by an emergency event.

As part of the video, we are developing a brain animation to show how stress effects the brain and therefore, the body.

I’ve written the brain animation script from a story perspective.  This includes showing a man driving a car and then a stressful event occurring.  My initial idea was for a dog to run out while he was driving.  However, the client and I realised that this would involve hiring an animal actor agency and this got really complicated.  So I re-wrote the scene to have a ball instead.

So last week, we went down a quiet, country road to film a ball flying in their air and the car stopping quickly.

But amazingly, when we got to the road to film, a lovely, fat brown labrador came over to see what we were up to.

I suggested that we befriend him and get him to chase the ball.

To our delight, Max loved playing with the ball.  So Norm Bowen and Paul Tangey, from the CFA, both discovered hidden talents as dog wranglers.

And you wouldn’t believe it, but Max did a perfect take in the first shot (of course, he wasn’t harmed and seemed to be enjoying it all so much, we did a couple more goes) .

We then filmed other shots and Max went off and had a rest.  The weird thing was when he saw the camera being put away, he started barking and growling.  It wasn’t until we got the camera out and got him to pose that he was happy.  Seems to me like Max was just waiting to get his picture taken.

Isn’t it lovely when animals just know what you want and help?  Really looking forward to seeing the finished result.

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How to make the Best Training Video

Alert: Inappropriate visual. Example of how bad it is to put the wrong visuals with your content. It doesn’t matter if the picture is nice or funny.

Research suggests that learners more easily understand and recall new material presented in video that allow participants to both hear and see the information (Gunter, et al. 2000; Molen, et al. 2000; Lalley 1998).

This dual-encoding process reinforces information in multiple brain areas, thereby increasing the chances that the material will be stored in long-term memory.
In fact, I’d go as far as saying that video has a triple-encoding process.  An expertly produced training video, will get people to read, see and hear information resulting in recall levels of 60% (as opposed to reading which is 10%).
Video is extremely powerful at communicating messages and helping people to remember them.  And that is why I love them!
But, not all training videos are created equal.  To make the most of the dual-encoding process (uh herm, triple-encoding)- in the brain, there are certain attributes that the video must have, in order to store information in long term memory.
Here are some important training video tips:

1. Match the visuals, titles and voiceover – This is a common mistake of amateurs.  Sadly, even  some experienced editors have difficulty with this one.  This is one of the reasons why training videos are so powerful, but so many production houses get it wrong.  Remember, don’t skimp on editing time.  It is worth the time and effort to use lots of titles and to match the vision accurately.

2. Focus the training video on instructional design principles. Producing a training video is more than just editing and filming.  The script must be written in a way so as to enhance learning.  Avoid working with directors whose main desire is to be a Hollywood producer.  While you are getting a training video made, remember it is just another communication tool like a poster  magazine ad.  It is not about amazing pictures with  stereophonic sound.  How it is put together is a necessary requirement, but it is the instructional design principles behind it that make all the difference.

3. Entertaining videos usually don’t work.  Avoid effects that do not add to communicating your message.  Do you really need the paint splash effect title when your company has nothing to do with paint?

4. Change what’s on screen every 5-7 seconds. Use a variety of communication methods – titles, different voiceovers, numerous camera perspectives  and a change in music.  Keep people engaged.

5. Show people as much as you can. People like looking at people. Again, amateurs don’t get this key principle.  I have seen amateur videos where a blank wall has been an unnecessary feature point while the narrator rambled on.  No joke.

6. Linear sequence (Step 1, Step 2 etc) avoid Step 2, Step 1, Step 2, Step 3, Step 5 etc).  Our conscious brain absorbs information in a linear fashion.  Information must always be given from start to end with no confusing jumping back and forth.  With any type of training the structure is crucial to success.  This is the same with an educational video.   In a video, it can be quite boring and annoying to see things twice or in the wrong order.  Makes it difficult to understand.

7. Script - This is crucial.  It must be friendly and  conversational.  Use short words and sentences.  This is not a time to make out your clever because you know some big words.   And don’t get lazy and refer people to a book (yes, some training videos do that!)

8. Segregate the training video into chapters and make these clear. Just like a book, structure the training video into a range of titles and subtitles and make these easy to skip to.  By using titles in the video on the next topic, it helps to focus viewers on what they are going to learn next.

Training videos are an incredibly effective method of training people quickly and thoroughly.  More importantly, they help viewers to retain the information much more than if they were to read the information or even hear it.  But they have to be made right.  By spring boarding off what makes training videos so great and including these components in you training video, you’ll get fantastic training outcomes.

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How to Create the Best Workplace Training Materials

Companies often tell us that they are frustrated by how hard it is to engage staff with training.

After a bit of digging, we usually find out that training consists of:

  1. A trainer talking a lot,
  2. Some trainer made PowerPoint slides (learn how to improve your training presentations here) that generally consists of lots of words, or
  3. A black and white manual that staff are expected to read.

What research has found is that is that passive/low engagement training is ineffective compared to active/high engagement training.   Passive training is when you get a trainer or lecturer telling lots of information or when lots of reading is involved.

Callout Title/
The most engaging methods of safety training are, on average, approximately three times more effective than the least engaging methods in promoting knowledge and skill acquisition, as well as reducing accidents, illnesses, and injuries.

So any training that is designed around a trainer reading through slides is not enough to create engagement.  Nor is producing a training manual and expecting workers to read it.

The Most Effective Training Materials

Educational researchers have found that 83% of human learning occurs visually.  The right brain prefers visuals and can process pictures hundreds of times faster than words.

When it comes to producing training materials, it’s a good idea to use as many visuals as you can.  And to really increase engagement, try and get trainees to touch, see and hear (obviously, taste and smell aren’t suitable to all industries, but they work especially well in food).  Use as many of the senses as you can during training.

And while having a trainer talking at students is passive training including lots of “Show and Tell” or demonstrations takes the training to a new level.  This is where the trainer demonstrates a process and gets the trainee to have a go.  This is integral to an active learning style.  Coaching is then given to improve.  Which brings us to assessment, which is also really important with learning.  It is important that trainees get face to face feedback on how to improve rather than information from a computer.

A Checklist for Creating Effective Training Materials

Several research studies have found that learners more easily understand and recall new material presented in video that allow participants to both hear and see the information.

This dual-encoding process reinforces information in multiple brain areas, thereby increasing the chances that the material will be stored in long-term memory.
To make use of this powerful memory booster, training materials need to be centred around a visually appealing training video.  By getting learners to see, listen and read important information you start getting higher levels of recall than just reading alone.  After all,  we remember 10% of what we read, 20% of what we hear and 30% of what we see, so by addressing these three areas, recall is increased to 60% v 10% for reading alone.

But just having a training video is not enough.  Another important addition to your training kit is the Trainer’s Manual.  This guide needs to help the trainer know the best method to teach the material.  It needs to include a trainer’s session schedule that has advice on what segments of the training video to play, what questions to discuss, when to do a demonstration, when to get trainees to have a go, when to pass around relevant items and the questions and answers for the quiz (and how to test respondents and discuss the answers).

In addition, to really keep trainees engaged and to help them believe that the training is important, each trainee needs to receive their own copy of an Employee Handbook.  This is the document that they go through in class, it needs to have information on how to undertake tasks, as well as photos that will remind them of the training video that they have seen.  The booklet needs to also contain their quiz with space for them to write in their answers  (also gives them ownership rights).

By using these three main training materials, you end up with a self-contained training package that gives trainers the resources and support that they need to create an interactive and high engagement training session.  It will also ensure that training is taught consistently across numerous locations.


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Frequently Asked Questions about getting a Company Training Video made

Here are  some of the most common questions we get asked when companies are considering putting together a company training video.

1. Should our staff feature in our training video or do we need actors?

Human beings love looking at people.  Especially people that they know.

When it comes to producing a training video for you staff, the more workers that you can have starring in the video the better.  Not only does this increase morale (preparing your company for filming increases excitement and camaraderie amongst colleagues), but staff will actually pay more attention to the video as they watch their own workplace buddies on screen.

The downsides with using professional actors are that they do not know procedures often resulting in an unbelievable performance.  Staff are also more likely to deride their performance of an ‘outsider’.  They’re also expensive to use.

Paid actors can be important for more emotional, juicy roles.  For example, for a recent training video project we needed to film an elite athlete with an illicit drug problem talking to a psychologist.  As the acting was important and needed to be real, in order to train psychologists, professional actors were used.

However, for procedural based training videos, it is always best to feature your own staff.

2. We think only half a day of filming is needed to make a 20 minute training video.  What do you think?

Filming is integral to ensuring there is clear communication on how to undertake a task.  It’s a mistake to think that just because a procedure takes three minutes it will take three minute to film.

This is because lighting needs to be set up, the camera needs to be put in the right place and then the shot needs to be checked for accuracy.

Also, filming the procedure from the one angle results in a boring training video and also one that does not convey your information clearly.  Often, we film a procedure from three different angles (includes a close up, mid shot, and wide shot) to really explain how a process is undertaken.  This means the actor has to undertake the procedure three times.

Often, this can take time as you need to make sure that each shot is consistent and can be edited together.  For example, if you are filming a person washing their hands and the mid shot has them wearing a jumper, while the close up has them without a jumper, the video is going to be pretty confusing.

Also, filming can be halted due to too much noise, sun coming in and out or because an intruder  ‘accidentally’ appears in the shot.

So the answer is filming always takes longer than real time.  As a rule of thumb, a 20 minute video generally needs about three full days of filming.

3. We’ve heard that it’s a good idea to put video content up on YouTube.  We’d like our training video available for everyone on YouTube.

YouTube is a public place to view video content.  A company training video is a private affair and should only be available to your staff.

YouTube is great for marketing purposes, so if your training video is to help customers, then it is a good idea to put your video on YouTube.

However, YouTube only accepts videos that are less than 10 minutes long.   So you need to make sure your customer training video is short.   It also  re-compresses videos, so if your video quality isn’t great to begin with, it certainly won’t look any better on YouTube.  A good question to consider is whetheryou believe a poor quality video will affect you brand.

Other video streaming providers should be considered to ensure that high quality video is streamed and to have the ability to allow only certain viewers to watch the video.

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Four Learning Trends to Watch in 2011

For those of you who are starting to review your 2011 training programs, it’s time to take a look at what some of the experts are touting as the learning trends for 2011.

1. E-books

With the launch of the iPad and the general improvement in electronic readers, the digital publishing industry is thriving.  It’s only a matter of time before training manuals are no longer printed.  Instead, it is expected that this will be year when slowly, but surely, employees are more likely to be handed an iPad to access training materials.

One of the advantages is that digital readers that are connected to the internet will allow readers to click on hyperlinks to instantly access other sources of information, thereby providing a richer reading experience.

2. Social Learning

According to Phillip Tanzilo, social learning will be a trend for 2011.

Facebook has over 55o million subscribers and Twitter has 65 million daily tweets. While learning professionals are all using social media to chat to colleagues about training programs and to collaborate, it is unknown precisely how social learning will be developed to help with workplace training. It is expected that new services will be produced to make social learning easier and more accessible within companies.

As Daniel Pink wrote in The New Social Learning foreword, social learning will not replace training and employee development, “but it can accomplish what traditional approaches often cannot … [It] can supplement instruction with collaboration and co-creation, and in doing so, blur the boundary between the instructor and the instructed. … It can bring far-flung employees together into new communities in which they can not only learn from one another, but also fashion new offerings for customers. In short, social media can change the way your company works.”

3. Mobile Devices

With the growing popularity of iPhones and other smart phone devices, it is expected to only be a matter of time before training content is sent via mobile phones allowing mobile learning anyplace and anytime.  While not in the mainstream yet, it is expected to be a biggie for 2011.

4. Training Videos

After being involved with training videos for 10 years where it has only been used by predominantly large companies , training videos have now exploded to the point where it is expected to be an integral part of training in 2011.

And while back in the 1980′s a typical training video cost $2,000 a minute to make (20 minutes = $40,000) training videos are now more affordable for large and small companies alike.  It’s now half that and even less if you do it yourself.  The accessibility to small cameras and editing systems means that many companies are making training videos themselves (although, why inexperienced people would want to stuff around for weeks making one when they are paid to do what they are good at is another subject)!

Expect to see video content easily available on mobile content and e-readers this year, as well as being seen as a must-have training material rather than a nice to have.

What trends do you predict for 2011?  I’d love to hear your thoughts.

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